Algorithms for Rendering in Artistic Styles
Author(s): Aaron Hertzmann.
PhD Thesis: New York University, May,
2001.
[BibTeX]
Abstract:
We describe new algorithms and tools for generating paintings, illustrations, and animation on a computer. These algorithms are designed to produce visually appealing and expressive images that look hand-painted or hand-drawn. In many contexts, painting
and illustration have many advantages over photorealistic computer graphics, in aspects such as aesthetics, expression, and computational requirements. We explore three general strategies for non-photorealistic rendering: First, we describe explicit procedures for placing brush strokes. We begin with a painterly image processing algorithm inspired by painting with real physical media. This method produces images with a much greater subjective impression of looking hand-made than do earlier methods. By adjusting algorithm parameters, a variety of styles can be generated, such as styles inspired by the Impressionists and the Expressionists.
This method is then extended to processing video, as demonstrated by painterly
animations and an interactive installation. We then present a new style of line art illustration
for smooth 3D surfaces. This style is designed to clearly convey surface shape,
even for surfaces without predefined material properties or hatching directions.
Next, we describe a new relaxation-based algorithm, in which we search for the
painting that minimizes some energy function. In contrast to the first approach, we ideally
only need to specify what we want, not how to directly compute it. The system
allows as fine user control as desired: the user may interactively change the painting
style, specify variations of style over an image, and/or add specific strokes to the painting.
Finally, we describe a new framework for processing images by example, called
“image analogies.” Given an example of a painting or drawing (e.g. scanned from
a hand-painted source), we can process new images with some approximation to the
style of the painting. In contrast to the first two approaches, this allows us to design
styles without requiring an explicit technical definition of the style. The image analogies framework supports many other novel image processing operations.
Animating Chinese Landscape Paintings and Panorama Using Multi-Perspective Modeling
Nelson Siu-Hang Chu, Chiew-Lan Tai.
Computer Graphics International (CGI'01), pp. 0107, Hong Kong, China, July 03 - 06,
2001. [BibTeX]
Animation Method for Pen-and-Ink Illustrations Using Stroke Coherency
T. Haga, Henry Johan, Tomoyuki Nishita.
Proc. of CAD & Graphics 2001, pp. 333--343,
2001. [BibTeX]
Artisic Vision: Automatic Digital Painting Using Computer Vision Algorithms
Bruce Gooch.
University of Utah, May,
2001. [BibTeX]
Artist Driven Expressive Graphics
Kaye Mason, M. Sheelagh T. Carpendale.
Eurographics 2001,
2001. [BibTeX]
Artistic Composition for Image Creation
Bruce Gooch, Erik Reinhard, Chris Moulding, Peter Shirley.
12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, pp. 83--88, London, UK, June,
2001. [BibTeX]
Artistic Image Generation by Deviation Mapping
Liu Wenyin, Xin Tong, Ying-Qing Xu, Heung-Yeung Shum, Zhong Hua.
International Journal of Image and Graphics, Vol. 1, No. 4, November,
2001. [BibTeX]
Automatic Generation of Pencil Drawing from 2D Images Using Line Integral Convolution
Xiaoyang Mao, Yoshiyasu Nagasaka, Atsumi Imamiya.
7th International Conference on Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics (CAD/GRAPHICS'01), pp. 240--248, August,
2001. [BibTeX]
Automatic Inbetweening in Computer Assisted Animation by Exploiting 2.5D Modelling Techniques
Fabian Di Fiore, Philip Schaeken, Koen Elens, Frank Van Reeth.
The Fourteenth Conference on Computer Animation (CA2001), pp. 192--200,
2001. [BibTeX]
Cartoon Image Vectorization Based on Shape Subdivision
Ju Jia Zou, Hong Yan.
Computer Graphics International (CGI'01), pp. 0225, Hong Kong, China, July 03 - 06,
2001. [BibTeX]