Object-Based Image Editing
Author(s): William A. Barrett, Alan S. Cheney.
Proceedings: Proc. of SIGGRAPH 02, pp. 777--784,
2002.
[BibTeX]
Abstract:
We introduce Object-Based Image Editing (OBIE) for real-time
animation and manipulation of static digital photographs. Individual
image objects (such as an arm or nose, Figure 1) are selected, scaled,
stretched, bent, warped or even deleted (with automatic hole filling) - at
the object, rather than the pixel level - using simple gesture motions with a
mouse. OBIE gives the user direct, local control over object shape,
size, and placement while dramatically reducing the time required to
perform image editing tasks.
Object selection is performed by manually collecting (subobject)
regions detected by a watershed algorithm. Objects are tessellated
into a triangular mesh, allowing shape modification to be performed
in real time using OpenGL’s texture mapping hardware.
Through the use of anchor points, the user is able to interactively
perform editing operations on a whole object, or just part(s) of an
object - including moving, scaling, rotating, stretching, bending, and
deleting. Indirect manipulation of object shape is also provided
through the use of sliders and Bezier curves. Holes created by movement
are filled in real-time based on surrounding texture.
When objects stretch or scale, we provide a method for preserving
texture granularity or scale. We also present a texture brush, which allows
the user to “paint” texture into different parts of an image, using
existing image texture(s).
OBIE allows the user to perform interactive, high-level editing of
image objects in a few seconds to a few ten’s of seconds